The air quality plays a decisive role for our health and our well-being. However, indoors can be numerous pollutants accumulate, which can be Furniture, floor coverings, cleaning agents and other Everyday items are released. Increased humidity or lack of ventilation can also contribute to the concentration of toxins in the air. This can lead to a number of health problems including headaches, fatigue, allergies, asthma and even cancer.
A solution to this problem are air purifying plants. These plant species have the ability, absorb and break down toxins. They use photosynthesis and respiration to absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen. Some plant species have proven particularly effective at purifying the air. They can help to improve the indoor air and thus promote the well-being and health of the occupants.
In this article you will learn how these plants work, what toxins they can filter and which plant species are particularly suitable for air purification. We will also look at the practical application of air-purifying plants indoors and highlight what benefits they offer.
Selection criteria for air-purifying plants
Air-purifying plants and their effect
Ivy (Hedera helix)
Green lily (Chlorophytum comosum)
Aloe vera (Aloe vera)
Rubber tree (Ficus elastica) 
Monocot (Spathiphyllum) 
When selecting plants, it is important to choose species that have been shown to have an air-purifying effect. There are several studies that demonstrate the ability of certain plant species, Filter and absorb pollutants. The plant species mentioned above are among the best-known air-purifying plants and have a proven track record for their ability to improve air quality. But also Ivy is a popular indoor plant for improving the indoor climate, as is the Dragon tree. So the choice is diverse.
Bow hemp, also known as "mother-in-law's tongue", is known to filter various substances such as benzene, formaldehyde and trichloroethylene from the air. Ivy is a vine that absorbs benzene, formaldehyde, xylene and toluene. Green lily effectively removes formaldehyde, xylene, toluene and ammonia from the air. Aloe vera and the rubber tree are also known for their air purifying properties and help clean the air of pollutants.
Mechanisms of the air purifying effect
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Photosynthesis and oxygen production: Plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen in the process. This process, known as photosynthesis, helps improve air quality by releasing oxygen into the environment.
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Pollutant absorption via the leaves: The leaves of plants serve as a surface through which pollutants are absorbed from the air. The toxins deposit on the leaves and are then broken down or neutralized by various processes in the plants.
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Microbial activity in the root zone: Plant roots harbor a variety of microorganisms that help break down or neutralize pollutants in the soil. This microbial activity helps clean the air by binding pollutants and making them harmless.
Through these mechanisms, air-purifying plants can help reduce indoor concentrations of harmful pollutants, creating a healthier environment. However, it is important to note that plants alone are not sufficient to eliminate all air pollutants. Combining specific plants with other measures such as good ventilation and minimizing sources of pollutants is recommended to further improve air quality.
Adaptability to indoor environments
Since air-purifying plants are used in indoor spaces are placed, it is important to select plant species that are adapted to indoor conditions. These plants should be able to cope with little light as they are often placed in rooms without direct sunlight. They should also have a low water requirement to facilitate maintenance. In addition, they should be able to adapt to temperature and humidity fluctuationsas these occur frequently indoors.
Care and location requirements
When selecting air-purifying plants, it is important to consider the amount of care required. Some plants require more attention and care than others. Make sure you have the time and resources to meet the plants' needs.
In addition, consider the location requirements of the plants. Check if the available space in your interior will accommodate the the requirements of the plants in terms of room size and light conditions conditions. Also consider the Soil and watering requirements of the plants to ensure that you can provide them with the right conditions.
Air pollutants and their effects
Harmful indoor air pollutants
Indoor spaces can contain various air pollutants that can affect our health. Some of the most common harmful indoor substances are:
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VOCs (volatile organic compounds): These are released by products such as paints, varnishes, cleaning products, furniture, carpets and smoke.
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Formaldehyde: A common pollutant found in furniture, flooring, adhesives and smoke.
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Benzene: A component of tobacco smoke, paints and solvents.
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Carbon monoxide: An odorless, poisonous gas that can be produced by burning appliances such as stoves, fireplaces, and gas heaters.
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Nitrogen oxides: Released by combustion processes such as tobacco smoke, internal combustion engines, and gas furnaces.
Health effects of air pollutants
Exposure to harmful indoor air pollutants can cause a variety of health problems, including:
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Respiratory diseases: Long-term exposure to air pollutants can lead to asthma, bronchitis, and other respiratory diseases.
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Allergies and irritation: Some pollutants can cause allergic reactions and irritation of the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.
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Headaches and fatigue: Poor air quality can lead to headaches, fatigue and concentration problems.
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Poorer immune function: Air pollutants can impair the immune system and increase susceptibility to infections.
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Long-term effects: Long-term exposure to air pollutants can lead to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurological problems.
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Tips for placement and care of air purifying plants
Suitable locations indoors
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Bright, indirect lighting: Most plants prefer bright, indirect lighting conditions. Therefore, place them near windows, but not in direct sunlight.
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Consider the size of the room: Make sure the size of the plants fits the available space in your interior. Make sure they have enough space to spread out and grow.
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Placement in different rooms: Place air-purifying plants in different rooms of your home or office to improve overall air quality.
Optimal care conditions
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Watering: Make sure you water the plants regularly and properly. Avoid both over- and under-watering. Exact watering requirements may vary by plant species, so it is important to educate yourself on the specific needs of each plant.
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Humidity: Some air-purifying plants prefer higher humidity. You can increase the humidity in their environment by using a spray bottle, placing water containers near the plants, or using a humidifier.
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Fertilization: Give plants the right amount of fertilizer on a regular basis to encourage their growth and maintain their health. Be sure to use an appropriate fertilizer for houseplants and follow the instructions on the package.
Avoid sources of pollutants
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Keep smoke-free: Avoid smoking indoors, as tobacco smoke releases harmful pollutants that can affect the effect of plants.
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Avoid chemical products: Use environmentally friendly and natural cleaning and maintenance products indoors whenever possible to reduce exposure to harmful chemicals in the air.
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Ventilate: Provide regular ventilation to exchange stale air and reduce the concentration of toxins.
By placing air-purifying plants in appropriate locations, providing optimal care and minimizing sources of pollutants, you can maximize their air-purifying effect and create healthier indoor air.
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More ways to improve air quality
Regular airing and ventilation
Open the window regularly to let in fresh air from the outside and remove stale air. Ideally, you should ventilate at least twice a day for a few minutes.
Use natural ventilation options such as cross-ventilation to ensure efficient air exchange.
Use of air filters and purifiers
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Air filters and purifiers can be used in addition to air-purifying plants to further improve air quality.
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Choose an air filter or purifier that is suitable for the size of the room and can effectively filter substances such as dust, pollen, smoke and other particles.
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Be sure to properly change filters or maintain the air purifier according to the manufacturer's recommendations to ensure optimal performance.
The combination of regular ventilation and the use of air filters or purifiers can complement the effectiveness of the grows and help to further improve air quality. It is important to consider the specific needs of your living or working environment and take the appropriate steps to ensure healthy indoor air.
Frequently asked questions about air-purifying plants:
Which houseplants are particularly suitable for improving the indoor climate?
There are several houseplants that are particularly well suited to improving the indoor climate. These include the bow hemp (Sansevieria), the green lily (Chlorophytum comosum), the ivy (Hedera helix), the rubber tree (Ficus elastica) and the aloe vera (Aloe vera). These plants have proven air purifying properties and can filter toxins from the air.
How often do I need to water my plants?
Care requirements can vary from plant to plant. In general, it is important that plants receive enough water, but not too much to avoid waterlogging. It is recommended to check the soil regularly for moisture and check the plants accordingly
Can air-purifying plants actually improve air quality?
Yes, air-purifying plants can help absorb and break down unwanted substances in the air. There are many scientific studies that demonstrate the effectiveness of plants in improving air quality
Can I use air-purifying plants in any room?
Yes, air-purifying plants can be used in any room. However, it is important to select plants that match the pollutant load and lighting conditions of the room.
What are the benefits of growing plants in the garden for the indoor climate?
Growing garden plants near rooms can provide several benefits to the indoor environment. Garden plants produce oxygen through photosynthesis, helping to improve air quality. They can also serve as natural shade providers and reduce indoor temperatures. In addition, garden plants can release moisture to increase humidity, which is especially beneficial in dry indoor environments.
How does a monstera plant affect the indoor climate?
Monstera plants, also known as window foliage, can affect the indoor climate in several ways. They have large leaves that can help evaporate water, increasing humidity. This is especially beneficial in rooms with low humidity. In addition, Monstera plants can also filter toxins such as formaldehyde from the air, improving air quality.